List of state leaders in 1575

Africa

China (Ming Dynasty) - Wanli Emperor of China (1573–1620)
Đại Việt - Lê Thế Tông (1573–1599)
- Đàng Ngoài - Trịnh Tùng, Trịnh Lord (1570–1623)
- Đàng Trong - Nguyễn Hoàng, Nguyễn Lord (1558–1613)
Japan (Azuchi–Momoyama period)
- Monarch - Emperor Ōgimachi (1557–1586)
- de facto - Oda Nobunaga (1536–1598)
Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Seonjo (1567–1608)
Mughal Empire - Akbar (1556–1605)
Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Ei (1573–1586)
Philippines (Las islas Filipinas)

Kingdom of Denmark and Norway - Frederick II (1559–1588)
Kingdom of England - Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
Kingdom of France - Henry III (1574–1589)
Holland and Zeeland -
- William the Silent, Prince of Orange, Leader of the resistance (1568–1584)
- Grand Pensionary of Holland - Paulus Buys (1572–1585)
Holy Roman Empire - Maximilian II (1564–1576)
- Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen - Henry III (1567–1585)
- Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück - Henry II (1574–1585)
Royal Hungary - Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (as Maximilian I) (1564–1576)
Kingdom of Navarre - Henry III (1572–1610)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Murat III (1574–1595)
Papal States - Pope Gregory XIII (1572–1585)
Kingdom of Poland - Anna Jagiellon (1574–1586)
Kingdom of Portugal - Sebastião I (1557–1578)
Grand Duchy of Moscow - Ivan IV the Terrible, Grand Prince of Moscow (1533–1547) then Tsar of Russia (1547–1584)
Kingdom of Spain - Philip II (1556–1598)
Kingdom of Sweden - John III (1568–1592)
Republic of Venice - Alvise I Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (1570–1577)